The Cosmic Frontier effort within DOE HEP targets the physics of dark energy and dark matter, cosmological probes of neutrino physics, and the nature of primordial fluctuations − some of the most exciting problems in all of physical science. Powerful cosmological surveys are essential components of a major national and international research program in these areas. DOE-supported experiments include the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the South Pole Telescope (SPT). Planned future surveys include the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and SPT-3G.

Simulations and data analyses play a central role in interpreting observations, and cross-correlation analyses across different types of measurements are necessary to develop new measurement methods and to control systematic errors. Motivated by these considerations, this allocation supports a computational end-station tasked with an initial set of simulation and analysis sub-projects. Because numerical simulations are essential for making theoretical predictions and analyzing observations, it is important to bring experts in their respective specializations under a single umbrella – the end-station – in order to establish a computational program that can properly address the diverse set of issues involved. Additionally, the observational community needs to be more directly involved in analyzing simulations, because simulations provide important routes – sometimes the only routes – to understanding and controlling many of the problems touched upon above.