Understanding the environment and ecosystem functions requires identifying the biogeochemical processes that control the exchange of chemical elements at the interface earth-water-biota-atmosphere. In that regard, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopy are essential techniques in environmental science, as they selectively probe the distribution, redox state, and molecular environment of a given chemical element in complex matrices. Electron microscopy techniques are also valuable for characterizing compositional and morphological features of nano- and micro-sized particles in soils, sediments, and waters. This seminar will present collaborative field and laboratory studies using the techniques mentioned above to address the behavior of contaminants and nutrients in various environmental contexts. The focus will be on mining-impacted environments, nanoparticle fate in sediments, and nutrient biogeochemistry in coastal soils.